Because most network communication relies on a small number of internet service providers (ISPs), a malicious or compromised provider can potentially influence large portions of a network.
By advertising false routes, an attacker can reroute a networkโs traffic through infrastructure they control. This technique is often called BGP hijacking.
Researchers generally describe two main categories of routing attack:
Potential mitigations that have been proposed include increasing the diversity of network connections between nodes, monitoring for sudden changes in latency or routing behavior, and encrypting node-to-node communication so intercepted traffic is harder to exploit.ย
While routing attacks can be difficult to execute at scale, they remain an important consideration when assessing the overall security of a decentralized network.
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