Gossip protocols ko aam tor par do aqsam mein taqseem kiya jata hai: dissemination (node se node tak data taqseem karna) aur aggregation (data ko taqseem karne se pehle us ki summary tayyar karna).
Blockchain networks mein, gossip protocols transactions aur naye blocks ko baghair kisi central coordinator par inhisar kiye tamam participants tak moassar tareeqe se pohanchate hain, jis se decentralization aur fault tolerance ko support milti hai.
Hedera Hashgraph ek variant ka istemal karta hai jise "gossip about gossip" kaha jata hai, jahan nodes sirf transaction data hi nahi balkeh guzishta communication ke events ka record bhi share karte hain, jis se ittefaq ka amal nihayat moassar ban jata hai.
Gossip protocols ko un ki scalability aur resilience ki wajah se ehmiyat di jati hai. Kiun keh har node kisi bhi waqt sirf chand tasadafi tor par muntakhib karda peers ke sath communication karta hai, is liye ye protocol baghair kisi central coordinator ke bohat barre networks tak asani se scale ho sakta hai. Behtreen surat e haal mein maloomat O(log N) rounds ke andar tamam nodes tak pohanch sakti hain, yahan N network mein mojood nodes ki kul tadaad ko zahir karta hai. Peer ke random intekhab ki wajah se agar kuch nodes dastayab na bhi hon, to bhi protocol kaam karta rehta hai.
Gossip protocols ko un ke maqsad ki bunyad par aam tor par do bunyadi aqsam mein taqseem kiya jata hai.
Dissemination gossip protocols, jinhein kabhi kabhi multicast bhi kaha jata hai, ka maqsad data ke ek hisse ko ek node se network ke tamam dusre nodes tak pohanchana hota hai. Jo node data hasil karta hai woh usay apne tasadafi tor par muntakhib neighbors nodes ko forward kar deta hai, aur yeh amal us waqt tak dohraya jata hai jab tak data puray network mein taqseem na ho jaye. Ye gossip protocol ki sab se aam qisam hai aur bohat se blockchain networks mein naye transactions aur blocks ko phailane ke liye istemal hoti hai.
Aggregation gossip protocols data ko taqseem karne se pehle us par processing aur summary tayyar karte hain. Sirf raw data par bharosa karne ke bajaye, is qisam ke aggregation par mabni protocol mein nodes apne paas mojood data ki summaries ya statistics tayyar karte hain aur un summaries ka peers ke sath tabadlah karte hain. Yeh hikmat e amli network-wide averages nikalne, anomalies ki nishan dahi karne, ya kisi barre distributed system mein sensor data ko jama karne jaise kaamon ke liye bohat munasib hai.
In categories mein, gossip protocols push mode (node apna data peers ko bhejta hai), pull mode (node peers se data ki darkhuwast karta hai) ya push-pull mode (ek hi exchange mein dono diresctions istemal ki jati hain) mein kaam kar sakte hain. Push-pull variants aam tor par zyada moassar hote hain, kiun keh ye nodes ko ek hi communication round mein updates share karne ke sath apne data mein mojood kammi ko bhi pura karne ki sahulat dete hain.
Blockchain networks mein gossip protocols transactions aur naye blocks ko decentralized aur fault-tolerant tareeqe se network bhar mein share karne ke liye wasee paimane par istemal hote hain. Jab koi node transaction receive karta hai ya khud create karta hai, to woh us transaction ko chand tasadafi tor par muntakhib peers ko broadcast kar deta hai. Har peer phir isi amal ko dohrata hai, aur aam tor par chand seconds ke andar woh transaction poore network mein phail jata hai, aur is amal ke liye koi central server coordinate nahi karta. Bitcoin aur Ethereum dono isi tareeqe ke mukhtalif variants istemal karte hain, jahan har node nayee transactions aur blocks ko taqreeban aath tasadafi peers tak gossip karta hai.
Blockchain ki duniya mein gossip protocols ka ek numaya istemal Hashgraph distributed ledger hai, jise Leemon Baird ne 2016 mein tayyar kiya tha. Hashgraph ek mechanism istemal karta hai jise "gossip about gossip" kaha jata hai, jis mein nodes sirf transaction data hi share nahi karte, balkeh un communication events ki maloomat bhi share karte hain jo woh pehle dekh chuke hote hain. Is tarah network ke tamam gossip exchanges ki ek mushtarka aur qabil e tasdeeq history tayyar ho jati hai.
Deegar enterprise blockchain platforms, jin mein Hyperledger Fabric bhi shamil hai, network peers ke darmiyan transaction data aur block ki maloomat ko broadcast karne ke liye gossip protocols istemal karte hain, jis se wazeh hota hai keh gossip par mabni communication sirf public blockchains tak mehdood nahi hai.
Gossip protocol network mein mojood computers ke darmiyan maloomat share karne ka ek tareeqa hai jo kisi central coordinator par inhisar nahi karta. Har computer (ya node) maloomat ko chand tasadafi tor par muntakhib peers tak pohanchata hai, jo un maloomat ko mazeed dusre peers tak pohancha dete hain, aur is tarah data puray network mein usi andaz se phail jata hai jis tarah logon ke group mein koi khabar phailti hai. Gossip protocols blockchain networks samait bohat se distributed systems mein istemal hote hain taa keh is baat ko yaqeeni banaya ja sakay keh tamam participants ke paas hamesha taaza tareen maloomat mojood rahein.
Blockchain networks naye transactions aur blocks ko pure network ke sath share karne ke liye gossip protocols istemal karte hain. Jab koi node transaction create karta hai ya receive karta hai, to woh usay chand tasadafi tor par muntakhib peers ke sath share karta hai. Har peer phir isi amal ko dohrata hai yahan tak keh transaction tamam nodes tak pohanch jati hai. Is decentralized hikmat e amli mein kisi ek node ko puray network mein broadcast karne ki zarurat nahi parrti, jis ki wajah se yeh tareeqa scalable aur resilient rehta hai. Bitcoin, Ethereum aur Hedera Hashgraph sab data propagation ke liye gossip protocols ke mukhtalif variants istemal karte hain.
Traditional broadcast mein, ek node maloomat ko ek hi waqt mein barah e raast tamam dusre nodes ko bhejta hai, jo barre pemaane par ghair moassar sabit ho sakta hai. Is ke baraks, gossip protocol mein, har node maloomat ko sirf chand tasadafi peers ke sath share karta hai aur maloomat kai rounds ke doran cascade ki surat mein puray network mein phailti hai. Gossip protocols mein communication ke marahil zyada hote hain, lekin har individual node par load kam rehta hai aur agar network ke kuch hisse dastayab na bhi hon to bhi protocol apna kaam jari rakhta hai.