Bitcoin: Paise ka naya daur

Bitcoin pehli aur sab se zyada mashhoor cryptocurrency hai. Kuch log isay ek jadeed adaegi ke tareeqay ke tor par dekhte hain, jab keh doosre isay “digital gold” ke tor par qeemti samajhte hain.

Yeh ek decentralized digital currency hai: jise kisi bhi government ya central authority ke janib se na to jari kiya jata hai aur na hi control kiya jata hai.

Bitcoin aap ko ek global peer-to-peer network ke zariye digital paisa bhejne aur hasil karne ki sahulat deta hai.

Yeh internet ke daur ki currency hai: sarhadon se azad, mehfooz, aur wazeh.

2008 ke maali buhran ke dauran, logon ka banks aur governments par aetimad apni tareekh ki sab se nichli satah par tha.

Log us waqt ghabra gaye jab un ke assets ki qeemat kam hone lagi aur maaliyati idaaray (financial institutions) diwaliya hone lagay.

Us ke baad, Satoshi Nakamoto naam ki ek gumnaam shakhsiyat ne Bitcoin mutaarif karwaya—paise ki ek nayi surat jo hamesha ke liye duniya ko badal dene wali thi.

3 January 2009 ko Bitcoin ka Genesis Block mine kiya gaya. Is ke code mein Satoshi ne ek saada magar nihayat taqatwar paigham shamil kiya:

Bitcoin blockchain technology par chalta hai—ek public ledger jo computers ke distributed network ke zariye mehfooz kiya jata hai.

Blockchain ko aik kitab ki tarah samjhein, jahan har safha (block) transactions se bhara hota hai. Har block pichle block ke sath link hota hai, aur is tarah blocks ki aik musalsal chain ban jati hai.

Jab transaction data blockchain mein shamil kar diya jata hai, to usay tabdeel nahi kiya ja sakta, jis ki wajah se yeh mehfooz rehta hai aur us mein tampering karna mumkin nahi hota.

Har computer ke paas ledger ki apni local copy hoti hai. Agar Alice, Bob ko 1 BTC bhejti hai, to yeh transaction blockchain par record ho jati hai jise har koi dekh sakta hai, aur sab ki copy bhi us ke mutabiq update ho jati hai.

Miners taqatwar computers istemal karte hain taa keh mushkil mathematical masail hal kar sakein. Is tasdeeqi system ko Proof of Work (PoW) kehte hain.

Jo pehla miner is maslay ko hal kar leta hai, woh naya block blockchain mein shamil karta hai aur inaam ke tor par naye bitcoins hasil karta hai.

Mining network ko mehfooz rakhta hai aur is baat ko yaqeeni banata hai keh sirf jaaiz transactions hi record hon.

Mining ke inamat taqreeban har 4 saal baad aadhe ho jate hain, jis se Bitcoin ban’ne ki raftar kam ho jati hai, yahan tak keh wo 21 million ki hadd ko pohanch jaye.