Is the electronic circuitry of a computer responsible for interpreting the instructions of computer programs and executing basic operations according to those instructions. The basic operations include arithmetical, logical, controlling, and input/output(I/O). The term Central Processing Unit (CPU) has been widely used in the computer industry since the early 1960s.
The CPU is composed essentially of four functional units:
These units are synchronized by the clock rate and connected by three types of buses:
The CPU architecture is also characterized by the set of instructions that it can execute. Generally, there are two types of instruction set architectures:
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